Mitochondria can't fully restore their ATP reserves. Antioxidant defenses stay depleted. Hormones like cortisol, insulin, and leptin get knocked out of whack, setting you up for brain fog, sugar cravings, and the energy levels of a snail.
Research shows that people with fragmented sleep report 32% more fatigue and have higher oxidative stress markers than those who get the same number of hours of quality sleep.
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